Report on the Assessment of Vietnamese Workforce Working Abroad in 2024
According to data reported from businesses, the total number of Vietnamese workers working abroad in the first 9 months of 2024 is 113,896 workers, reaching 91.11% of the year plan.
Vietnam Skilled Labor Source – International Manpower Solutions
1. Overview of Vietnam’s Labor Market
In 2024, Vietnam achieved significant milestones in sending workers abroad. According to the Ministry of Labor, Invalids, and Social Affairs, an estimated 130,000 Vietnamese workers will be sent abroad under contract throughout 2024, reaching 104% of the target. This figure reflects the recovery and positive development of the overseas labor market following the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
2. Major Labor-Receiving Markets
2.1. Japan
Japan remains the largest market for Vietnamese workers. In the first nine months of 2024, 56,566 Vietnamese workers were sent to Japan. The primary industries include manufacturing, mechanical engineering, garment and footwear production, electronics assembly, agriculture, shipbuilding, and construction.
2.2. Taiwan (China)
Taiwan (Taipei, China) ranks second in receiving Vietnamese workers, with 43,690 workers sent in the first nine months of 2024. Vietnam Manpower has supplied workers for industries such as mechanical engineering, shipbuilding, construction, factory labor, and garment manufacturing. Vietnamese workers here are mainly employed in manufacturing, construction, and service sectors.
2.3. South Korea
South Korea received 6,276 Vietnamese workers during the same period. The main sectors include manufacturing, agriculture, fisheries, and shipbuilding, particularly welders. The signing of labor cooperation agreements between the two countries has facilitated favorable conditions for Vietnamese workers to work in South Korea.
2.4. Europe
Romania: 670 workers, Hungary: 449 workers. The industries that Vietnam Manpower Supply has provided labor for include welding, construction, garment manufacturing, factory labor, and agricultural work. Vietnam has signed labor cooperation agreements with countries such as Poland, Finland, Germany, and Greece.
European employers directly interview Vietnamese workers
3. Expanding New Labor Markets
In addition to traditional markets, Vietnam is promoting the development of potential new labor markets. In September 2024, the Ministry of Labor, Invalids, and Social Affairs and the Australian Embassy in Vietnam launched a program supporting Vietnamese citizens working in the agricultural sector in Australia. The Australian government allows up to 1,000 Vietnamese workers to work in this sector at any given time, with jobs in farming, meat processing, fisheries, and forestry.
4. Quality and Training of Workforce
To meet the demands of international labor markets, Vietnam has focused on improving the quality and skills of its workforce. Recruitment and training efforts have been strengthened to ensure workers have the necessary skills and knowledge before departing. The Ministry of Labor, Invalids, and Social Affairs has also intensified inspections and monitoring of enterprises engaged in labor export services to protect workers’ rights and interests.
5. Income and Working Conditions
Vietnamese workers abroad typically earn higher incomes than domestic workers, contributing to improved living standards and household economies. Markets such as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan (China) offer attractive salaries along with good welfare benefits. Expansion into new markets such as Australia also promises job opportunities with competitive salaries and favorable working conditions for Vietnamese workers.
6. Challenges and Solutions
Despite many achievements, the deployment of Vietnamese workers abroad still faces some challenges:
- Labor Quality: Although the proportion of trained workers with certifications in Q1 2024 was 27.8%, increasing compared to the previous year, there are still approximately 37.8 million untrained workers. Improving technical and professional qualifications remains a significant challenge.
- Recruitment Costs: According to the General Statistics Office, the average recruitment cost for Vietnamese workers to secure their first overseas job is about 165 million VND. Workers typically need about 7.4 months of salary to cover or repay this recruitment cost.
- Protection of Workers’ Rights: Ensuring the rights and safety of workers abroad is crucial, especially given some reported violations of labor rights.
7. Proposed Solutions to Overcome These Challenges
- Enhancing Training: Strengthening vocational training programs to improve skills and professional qualifications for workers before deployment.
- Reducing Recruitment Costs: Developing financial support policies and preferential loan programs for workers to alleviate financial burdens.
- Protecting Workers’ Rights: Strengthening international cooperation, signing agreements to safeguard workers’ rights, and establishing support channels and grievance mechanisms for Vietnamese workers abroad.
Training and screening workers from Vietnamese human resource suppliers
8. Conclusion
The deployment of Vietnamese workers abroad in 2024 has exceeded the target, contributing to increased income and improved quality of life for workers. However, to sustain growth, continued support policies, enhanced training, and stronger protection of workers’ rights are necessary.
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